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The word "Islam" ("submission") sometimes has distinct connotations in its various occurrences in the Quran. A Muslim (Arabic:مُسْلِم), the word for a follower of Islam, is the active participle of the same verb form, and means "submitter (to God)" or "one who surrenders (to God)". In a religious context, it means "total surrender to the will of God". Islam is the verbal noun of Form IV of the root and means "submission" or "total surrender". In Arabic, Islam (Arabic:إسلام, "submission ") is the verbal noun originating from the verb سلم (salama), from triliteral root س-ل-م ( S-L-M), which forms a large class of words mostly relating to concepts of wholeness, submission, sincerity, safeness, and peace. The Kaaba in Mecca is the direction of prayer and destination of pilgrimage 4.6 Postmodern times (20th century–present).4.2 Caliphate and civil strife (632–750).3.6 Quranic recitation and memorization.Islam is the fastest-growing major religion in the world. Sizable Muslim communities can also be found in the Americas, China, and Europe. About 12% of Muslims live in Indonesia, the most populous Muslim-majority country 31% live in South Asia, the largest percentage of Muslims in the world 20% in the Middle East–North Africa, where it is the dominant religion and 15% in sub-Saharan Africa. Sunni and Shia differences arose from disagreement over the succession to Muhammad and acquired broader political significance, as well as theological and juridical dimensions.
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Most Muslims are of one of two denominations: Sunni (85–90%) or Shia (10–15%). The expansion of the Muslim world involved various states and caliphates such as the Ottoman Empire, trade, and conversion to Islam by missionary activities ( dawah).
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The Islamic Golden Age refers to the period traditionally dated from the 8th century to the 13th century, during the Abbasid Caliphate, when much of the historically Muslim world was experiencing a scientific, economic, and cultural flourishing.
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įrom a historical point of view, Islam originated in early 7th century CE in the Arabian Peninsula, in Mecca, and by the 8th century, the Umayyad Caliphate extended from Iberia in the west to the Indus River in the east. The cities of Mecca, Medina and Jerusalem are home to the three holiest sites in Islam. Religious concepts and practices include the Five Pillars of Islam, which are obligatory acts of worship, as well as following Islamic law ( sharia), which touches on virtually every aspect of life and society, from banking and welfare to women and the environment. Like other Abrahamic religions, Islam also teaches a final judgment with the righteous rewarded in paradise and the unrighteous punished in hell. Muslims consider the Quran, in Arabic, to be the unaltered and final revelation of God. Muslims believe that Islam is the complete and universal version of a primordial faith that was revealed many times before through prophets such as Adam, Abraham, Moses, and Jesus. The primary scriptures of Islam are the Quran, believed to be the verbatim word of God, as well as the teachings and normative examples (called the sunnah, composed of accounts called hadith) of Muhammad ( c. Islam teaches that God is merciful, all-powerful, and unique, and has guided humanity through prophets, revealed scriptures, and natural signs. Muslims make up a majority of the population in 49 countries. It is the world's second-largest religion with 1.9 billion followers, or 24.9% of the world's population, known as Muslims. Islam ( / ˈ ɪ s l ɑː m/ Arabic: اَلْإِسْلَامُ, romanized: al-’Islām, ( listen) "submission ") is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion teaching that Muhammad is a messenger of God.